Sudoku Generator. Sudoku Generator. Here is a free Sudoku generator that can generate puzzles of varying difficulty in PDF, Postscript, plaintext, and HTML. Peter Koch, professional Amazon reseller, described the method by which hackers and untrustworthy product sellers could game Amazons ranking system, boosting. Glossary The default Python prompt of the interactive shell. Often seen for code examples which can be executed interactively in the interpreter. It is a nice example of the website fun you can have with 2. Python over a Labor day weekend it also makes a handy command line Sudoku solver. Update For Google Chrome users, try installing this Chrome Sudoku Web App for hints and more. Preview the Sudoku Helper here. What is Sudoku Have you ever played Sudoku A few months ago my dad raved about a new game in the newspaper that he liked solving better than the daily crossword, and so I picked up one of the five hundred or so Sudoku books at the bookstore. A tutorial that teaches common Python programming idioms used by experienced programmers, but may not be obvious to newcomers. I was quickly hooked. The rules of Sudoku are simple finish filling in the squares of a 9x. Puzzles are designed so that there is only one correct way to fill in the 8. Ways to Play. Sudoku is a good solo game if you are having trouble getting into it, you can read about various solution strategies on the web. But, like crosswords, it can be even more fun to work Sudoku puzzles together with somebody else. Heidi and I sometimes race each other on adjacent puzzles in a Sudoku book it can be nerve wracking to try to catch up when youre behind, while the other person is rapidly filling in squares. Either player always has a chance to win a race, because backtracking in Sudoku is hard. You can be dealt a blow at the finish line when you encounter a contradiction and then realize you made a mistake long ago. The best strategy in Sudoku is not to guess, yet its still good to play with an erasable pencil. It can also be fun to cooperate on a Sudoku puzzle the entertainment there is to be stymied together, and then question the other persons clever move to get out of a logjam. There are many Sudoku variants, for example versions of the game where the 9 square blocks come in different shapes, or smaller versions of the game that are designed for children. I realized Sudoku was a major phenomenon when I saw the Dora Sudoku books for preschoolers. Since they are for the preliterate set, you fill in simplified 4x. The amazing thing is that my pre K daughter Piper was completely enthralled by the books. We brought a Dora Sudoku book on our trip to Taiwan, and solving Sudokus became the most reliably fun activity for Piper whenever she was waiting around, remarkably beating out her Nintendo DS. I guess its no wonder that they recently came out with Sudoku for the Nintendo DS too. Counting Sudoku Boards. But if you read the advertisements for Sudoku Gridmaster for DS, you will notice that it is said to come with over 4. Sudoku puzzles. With crosswords, I can understand why your software might have only a few hundred puzzles, since each hint needs to be done by a human editor. But with Sudokus, I wonder why they dont just let the software generate millions of puzzles Imagine how many millions of puzzles included they could claim. Solved Sudokus are a special kind of Latin square, which were studied by Euler. Euler discovered that there did not seem to be very many Latin squares of a certain type, and in 1. Officers Problem had no solution for 6x. His conjecture stood until the 2. But in 1. 95. 9, a set of 1. Eulers Spoiler squares were discovered by Parker, Bose, and Shrikhande in work popularized by Martin Gardner disproving Eulers famous conjecture. Mathematicians continue to play with and theorize about Latin squares today. How many different ways are there to completely fill in the 8. Sudoku board In May 2. Felgenhauer and Jarvis counted the Sudoku boards carefully and concluded that there are exactly 6,6. These thousands of billions of billions are so large that there would really be no hope of using a supercomputer to enumerate all the boards the only way to count them all is to understand the symmetries of the game. If you have one solved board, you can get another equivalent one by relabeling digits, swapping rows within a 3 row band, swapping bands, swapping columns within a 3 column stack, swapping stacks, or by rotating the whole board. How many really different boards are there which cannot be created from each other by just swapping things around this wayJarvis and Russell concluded that the kernel of really distinct boards is still pretty large, numbering 5,4. Yet this number is small enough for a computer, and it is possible although tricky to write a program to enumerate all these boards quickly. Counting Sudoku Hints. For puzzlers, a solved board is not as interesting as an unsolved one And among unsolved puzzles, the interesting ones are the minimal ones the puzzles which uniquely determine a single solution, and for which you cannot erase any hint without permitting extra solutions. How many minimal Sudoku puzzles are thereCertainly the number must be far more than the number of solved Sudoku boards, but the total count is unknown. In fact, it is not even known for sure how small a minimal puzzle can be My simple program for generating minimal puzzles typically generates Sudoku puzzles with 2. I have never seen it generate a puzzle with fewer than 2. But there are some puzzles that are much smaller. Gordon Royle mainains a list of currently 3. Sudoku puzzles with 1. Some mathematicians suspect that the smallest number of hints you can give in a Sudoku puzzle that uniquely determines a fully solved board is 1. In fact, it is hard to find 1. Gordons list of 1. If this could be proved, it would also prove that there are no 1. So if you find a 1. Gordon already has it. And remember that there is no proof that fully determined 1. If you get a 1. 6 hint puzzle out of the automatic puzzle generator, dont throw it out. It would be publication worthy. Sudoku Generation Algorithm. How can you generate Sudoku puzzles I do not know what the best algorithm is, but here is what I have done in my simple little python program. First, we need a Sudoku solver. My solver uses three simple strategies to solve a board they are simple to implement and seem fast enough. If only one number fits in a square without row, column, and box conflicts, we fill it in. If a number needed by a row, column, or box can only go in one square in that row, column, or box, we fill it in. If we cant fill in anything using rules 1 or 2, then we find a most constrained place or number where we can guess for example, two choices is better than three, and we try all the guesses. The last bit about trying all the guesses will require some backtracking. When we are selecting a place to guess, we choose one randomly among the most constrained places, and we shuffle the choices to try them in a random order. The result is if we tell the solver to solve an empty board, we get a nice random fully solved Sudoku board. To generate Sudoku puzzles, we start with a solved board, and we choose some minimal hints to reveal as follows. Going through the squares in shuffled order, reveal each square only if it is not deduced by the other revealed squares using the solver without guessing. This produces a list of about 3. Going through the chosen hints in shuffled order, attempt dropping each one, and fully solve the board far enough to find two solutions if there are two. Replace the hint unless the solution is still unique with the hint removed. Notice that generating a minimal puzzle this way requires us to do the work of solving a Sudoku board about twenty times, so it takes a lot more work to generate a minimal Sudoku puzzle than it does to solve one. If there are ways of generating Sudoku puzzles more quickly, Id love to know. Rating Puzzles. Any Sudoku fan will tell you that there are hard puzzles and easy puzzles. The newspapers like to save the really diabolical ones for the Friday edition, so you can stew over them all weekend. The hardest puzzles require you to look several moves ahead, or make lots of good guesses to find a solution. Unfortunately, the algorithm here does not always create hard puzzles I dont know how to create a more difficult puzzle on purpose. So in the links below, you may get a hard or an easy puzzle, randomly. The best we can do is tell you what kind of puzzle youve got. The ratings that go along with the puzzles estimate the amount of guessing or thinking ahead more than one move that you might need to do to solve a puzzle. This is done by counting the depth of the search stack when the computer finds a solution.
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11/4/2017 0 Comments Biggest Hacking Group In The WorldSteve Coogan wins phone hacking damages from Mirror Group Culture. Steve Coogan and Sienna Miller have received hundreds of thousands of pounds in damages from the publisher of the Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and Sunday People after it admitted hacking their phones and covering up unlawful activities. The settlements for Coogan and Miller were confirmed at the high court in London on Tuesday, as were the settlements for the TV presenter Jamie Theakston, former Eastenders actor Michael Greco, and Michelle Mellor, the wife of actor Will Mellor. Coogan appeared at the high court for his settlement to be confirmed in front of Mr Justice Mann. The amount of damages was not revealed in court and is confidential, but Coogan confirmed afterwards it was a six figure sum and the scale of it will make Mirror executives blush. It is thought to be one of the biggest ever payments related to phone hacking. Speaking outside court, the actor and comedian said the outcome was vindication for him and that most of the payment would go to good causes. Coogan described the behaviour of Mirror Group Newspapers MGN as a disgrace and an insult to the memory of Hugh Cudlipp the former editor of the Daily Mirror. He also called for the second part of the Leveson inquiry into the British press to take place so that the allegations of hacking at MGN could be properly scrutinised. It is my view that editors and executives, such as Sly Bailey, Piers Morgan, Paul Vickers, Tina Weaver and Richard Wallace, have not yet been subjected to proper scrutiny, taking into account what has emerged since the first half of the inquiry, he said. The second part of the Leveson inquiry must find out who hacked, who knew about it, and who covered it up or turned a blind eye. The Leveson inquiry must be completed now as the government has promised. Morgan, Weaver and Wallace edited MGN titles during the periods covered by the allegations, while Bailey was chief executive of MGNs parent company, Trinity Mirror, and Vickers was the legal director. They have all denied being involved in phone hacking or having knowledge of it. Lawyers representing MGN said in court that it acknowledges that Mr Coogan was the target of unlawful activities and that these activities were concealed until years later. They added It apologises to Mr Coogan for its wrongdoing over a decade ago and for any articles that were the product of unlawful activity and for the concealment of these activities. MGN apologises to Mr Coogan and accepts that he and other victims should not have been denied the truth for so long. David Sherborne, who was representing Coogan, said the comedian had identified 6. Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and the People that he alleges came from hacking his voicemail, unlawfully obtaining personal information from third parties, or surveillance by private investigators. These articles caused enormous distress and significant damage to Mr Coogans relationships with those he wrongly suspected had leaked the private information or who believed he was the cause of their private information being made public, Sherborne said. The barrister added Mr Coogan is clear that if Trinity Mirror had conducted a proper investigation at an early stage then the unlawful activity could have been stopped, and prevented the enormous distress and damage it caused its victims, their family and friends. Trinity Mirror has put aside more than 5. Steve Coogan and Sienna Miller have received hundreds of thousands of pounds in damages from the publisher of the Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and Sunday People after. Started in 1992 by the Dark Tangent, DEF CON is the worlds longest running and largest underground hacking conference. Hackers, corporate IT professionals, and three. It has already settled dozens of cases, including a batch of 4. April that included former England football manager Kevin Keegan, the writer Jeffrey Archer, the actor Patsy Kensit and the former home secretary Charles Clarke. Sadie Frost, the actor and fashion designer, received a record payment from MGN of 2. However, this settlement is understood to have been surpassed since then by payouts that have not been made public. This includes the settlement for Elizabeth Hurley, which was confirmed in May. Hurley alleged that MGN published 5. July 1. 99. 8 and March 2. Miller was targeted extensively by MGN journalists from at least 2. Cyber attack eases, hacking group threatens to sell code. WASHINGTON Reuters Governments turned their attention to a possible new wave of cyber threats on Tuesday after the group that leaked U. S. hacking tools used to launch the global Wanna. Cry ransomware attack warned it would release more malicious code. The fast spreading cyber extortion campaign, which has infected more than 3. Friday, eased for second day on Tuesday, but the identity and motive of its creators remain unknown. The attack includes elements that belong to the U. S. National Security Agency and were leaked online last month. Shadow Brokers, the group that has taken credit for that leak, threatened on Tuesday to release more recent code to enable hackers to break into the worlds most widely used computers, software and phones. A blog post written by the group promised from June to release tools every month to anyone willing to pay for access to some of the tech worlds biggest commercial secrets. It also threatened to dump data from banks using the SWIFT international money transfer network and from Russian, Chinese, Iranian or North Korean nuclear and missile programs. More details in June, it promised. The spread of the Wanna. Cry attack which encrypts a users data and demands a ransom be paid electronically to free it up again slowed to a trickle on Tuesday, with few, isolated examples being reported. In Canada, the Universite de Montreal was hit, with 1. French language universitys 8,3. There were no new, major incidents in the United States. Fewer than 1. 0 U. S. organizations have reported attacks to the Department of Homeland Security since Friday, a U. S. official told reporters on Tuesday. The attack has caused most damage in Russia, Taiwan, Ukraine and India, according to Czech security firm Avast. The United States likely avoided greater harm as the attack targeted older versions of Microsoft Corps MSFT. O Windows operating system, and more U. S. users have licensed, up to date, patched versions of the software, compared to other regions of the world. The Department of Homeland Security began an aggressive awareness campaign to alert the tech industry to the importance of installing the patch that Microsoft issued in March that protected users from the vulnerability exploited by the attack, a U. S. official working on the attack told Reuters. Microsoft said on Tuesday it was aware of Shadow Brokers most recent claim and that its security teams monitor potential threats in order to help us prioritize and take appropriate action. Microsoft President and Chief Legal Officer Brad Smith said earlier this week the Wanna. Cry attack used elements stolen from the NSA. The U. S. government has not commented directly on the matter. NORTH KOREA LINK PROBED Cyber security researchers around the world have said they have found evidence that could link North Korea with the Wanna. Cry cyber attack. A screenshot shows a Wanna. Cry ransomware demand, provided by cyber security firm Symantec, in Mountain View, California, U. S. May 1. 5, 2. 01. Courtesy of SymantecHandout via REUTERS A researcher from South Koreas Hauri Labs said on Tuesday their own findings matched those of Symantec SYMC. O and Kaspersky Lab, who said on Monday that some code in an earlier version of the Wanna. Cry software had also appeared in programs used by the Lazarus Group, identified by some researchers as a North Korea run hacking operation. It is similar to North Koreas backdoor malicious codes, said Simon Choi, a senior researcher with Hauri who has done extensive research into North Koreas hacking capabilities and advises South Korean police and National Intelligence Service. Both Symantec and Kaspersky said it was too early to tell whether North Korea was involved in the attacks, based on the evidence that was published on Twitter by Google security researcher Neel Mehta. Fire. Eye Inc FEYE. O, another large cyber security firm, said it was also investigating, but it was cautious about drawing a link to North Korea. The similarities we see between malware linked to that group and Wanna. Cry are not unique enough to be strongly suggestive of a common operator, Fire. Eye researcher John Miller said. U. S. and European security officials told Reuters on condition of anonymity that it was too early to say who might be behind the attacks, but they did not rule out North Korea as a suspect. The Lazarus hackers, acting for impoverished North Korea, have been more brazen in their pursuit of financial gain than others, and have been blamed for the theft of 8. Bangladesh central bank, according to some cyber security firms. The United States accused it of being behind a cyber attack on Sony Pictures in 2. North Korea has denied being behind the Sony and banking attacks. North Korean officials were not immediately available for comment and its state media has been quiet about the matter. NO INFORMATION TO SHARE In China, foreign ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said she had no information to share, when asked about the origin of the attack and whether North Korea might be connected. Several Asian countries have been affected by the malware, although the impact has not been as widespread as some had feared. In Malaysia, cyber security firm LE Global Services said it identified 1. It did not name any of the entities. We may not see the real picture yet, as companies are not mandated to disclose security breaches to authorities in Malaysia, said LE Global CEO Fong Choong Fook. The real situation may be serious. In one of the cases, the attack was traced back to early April. Vietnams state media said on Tuesday more than 2. Bkav, later put the figure at 1,9. Taiwan Power Co. TAIWP. UL said that nearly 8. 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Suspension. Live beam axles on leaf springs. Operationalrange. Speed. 55 mph 8. The Dodge M3. 7 34 ton 4x. G7. 41 was Dodges follow up to their successful WC Series from WWII. Introduced in 1. 95. United States armed forces during the Korean war. During the 1. 97. M7. 15 and M8. 80 series. HistoryeditSix prototypes of the vehicle were produced in early to mid 1. WC series Dodge vehicles used in World War II, with the first pre production pilot vehicle rolling off the assembly line on 1. December 1. 95. 0. 2 Many of the components on the M3. World War II vehicle and many deficiencies of the previous series were corrected in the M3. Notably, a conventional pickup truck style bed replaced the platform on the World War II vehicle, simplifying production. There was significant drivetrain and powerplant commonality with the WDX series civilian Power Wagons. Outside of the fenders, there were sheet metal differences between all the vehicles. Production of the M3. January 1. 95. 1, with approximately 1. By mid 1. 95. 4 6. In 1. 95. 8 a number of modifications to the design resulted in the new vehicles being designated as M3. B1. From mid 1. 95. M3. 7B1 vehicles were produced. Approximately 4,5. Canadian M3. 7CDNs were also produced between 1. These vehicles continued in service worldwide in the Israeli and Greek militaries. In total, between 1. M3. 7s were produced. It was common in the 1. Many of the vehicles were transferred to civilian agencies and some are still in use today in rural areas. They were out of significant military service by the late 1. M7. 15 and M8. 80 series of military trucks. VariantseditM4. V 4. 1 telephone maintenance vehicle, also M2. M4. 3ambulance. M5. M1. 52 enclosed utility truck, Canadian variant. R2 air field fire engine. V 1. 26 truck, for ANMPX 7 radar. M2. 83 Long Wheel Base LWB Cargo Truck. MB2 Fire and Rescue Truck M5. Gichner bodyM5. 06 truck, hydrogen peroxide servicer, PGM 1. Redstone. SpecificationseditThe powerplant was identical to the World War II era WC vehicles line, as was most of the drivetrain. The straight six cylinder engine was derived from a 1. This was in line with a long standing military procurement strategy that attempted to use commercially produced vehicle variants in military service. Many deficiencies with aging design became apparent in the 1. As the average speed of the vehicles in the military increased, these engine failures became commonplace due to the low gear ratio of the vehicle, which was originally designed as a multipurpose vehicle capable of transporting heavy loads of ammunition. Model T2. 45 Dodge. Type L Head, 6 cylinder. Power 7. 8 bhp 5. W at 3. 20. 0 rpm. Displacement 2. 30 cubic inches 3. L Canadian version used the larger 2. L engineBore 3 14 in 8. Stroke 4 58 in 1. Oil capacity 6 U. S. quarts 5. 7 lRadiator capacity 2. U. S. quarts 2. 4 lCarter carburetor Model ETW 1 sidedraft. DrivelineeditClutch. Borg Beck Model 1. Borg Beck 1. Canadian version. Transmission. New Process Model 8. NP4. 20Acme Model T 9. Canadian version4 speed, Synchro Shift in 3rd and 4th gear. Transfer Case. New Process 8. NP2. 00Ratio High 1 1, low 1. Twin lever operation, one for 44 or 42 selection, one for hi or low range. Drive Shaft. Axles. Dodge Full Floating hypoid, ratio 5. Front Universal Drive New Process Tracta jointChassiseditFuel tank. U. S. gallons 9. L 2. 0 imp gal tank vented through engine air intake for fording purposesElectrical. Ignition, starting, lights, 2. Brakes. Wagner hydraulic drum. Parkingexternal contracting band, 4. Steering. Gemmer Model B 6. Wheelbase. Cargo Model M3. Command Model M4. Ambulance Model M4. Tele. Maint. Model V4. Weight. M3. 7 without winch 5,6. M3. 7 with winch 5,9. Tire Size. 9. 0. 0 1. Winch. Braden LU 4, PTO operated, 7,5. Replacement programeditDuring the late 1. Army, which requested the U. S. automotive industry leading companies to submit their proposals for the replacement. Several prototype vehicles passed through the preliminary examination, eventually leading the military to accept General Motors XM7. Truck, which was supposed to replace both the M3. M7. 15 series of trucks. Nevertheless, Congress cut funds for that replacement, and the XM7. Below are the comparative specifications of the mentioned vehicles. 3Vehicle. XM7. 05. M7. 15. M3. Engine. Chevrolet 8 3. Kaiser Jeep 6 2. Chrysler T 2. 45. Maximum horsepower. Net brake horsepower. Speed miles per hour on 3 12 percent slope with towed load in 4th gear. Cruising range miles3. Weight distribution percentFront. Rear. 56. 64. 58. Ground pressure maximum1. Ground clearance under axles inches1. Angle degrees of. Approach. With winch. Without winch. 61. Departure. 45. 25. Galleryedit1. 95. M3. 7Interior of 1. M3. 7M3. 7 in front of B1. See alsoeditReferenceseditCrismon, Fred W. US Military Wheeled Vehicles 3 ed. Victory WWII Publications. ISBN 0 9. 70. 05. Doyle, David 2. 00. Standard catalog of U. S. Military Vehicles. Krause Publications. ISBN 0 8. 73. 49 5. X. TM 9 2. 32. 0 2. M3. 7 Series Operators Manual. US Dept. of the Army. TM 9 2. 80. 0 Military Vehicles. US Dept. of the Army. February 1. 95. 3. Retrieved 1 December 2. External linksedit. Parts Manuals, Free Downloads For Truck Transmissions, Differentials, Transfer Cases PTO Service and Parts Manuals Wholesale Drivetrain. Parts Manuals. These parts manuals are brought to you by Wholesale Drivetrain Co. Your source for heavy duty, mid range and auxiliary truck transmissions, differentials, transfer cases, PTO units and parts to repair them all. We also offer a complete line of new, used and rebuilt truck transmissions, truck differentials, transfer cases and PTO units. We stock units and parts for Allison, Chelsea, Dana, Eaton, Fabco, Fuller, Mack, Meritor, Rockwell and Spicer. Call or Click 8. SALE 8. 55 8. 44 7. To Order Parts. Units in stock for Freightliner, Kenworth, International, Peterbilt, Mack, Volvo, Sterling, Ford, GMC, Autocar, Western Star, Dodge and Oshkosh trucks. Please select the type of unit you need the parts manual for below. This list is always in progress so if you dont find what you need please feel free to give us a call and we will see what we can do to accommodate your needs. Chelsea PTO Parts Manuals. Fabco Parts. Fabco Parts Manuals. Fabco PTO Parts Manuals. Fabco PTO Service Manuals. Fabco Transfer Case Parts Manuals. Fabco Transfer Case Service Manuals. Fontaine Fifth Wheel Parts Manuals. Fuller Parts Manuals. Fuller Transmission Parts Manuals. Fuller Transmission Service Manuals. Holland Fifth Wheel Parts Manuals. International Axle Parts Manuals. Marmon Herrington Parts. Marmon Herrington Parts Manuals. Meritor Transmission, Transfer Case, Differential and Axle Parts Manuals. Muncie PTO Parts Manuals. Rockwell Transmission, Transfer Case, Differential and Axle Parts Manuals. 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